The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) functions as the central bank for central banks, exclusively serving central banks and international organizations. It does not offer financial services or accept deposits from private individuals or corporations.

Established in 1930, the BIS is recognized as the oldest international financial institution, owned by 62 central banks that represent countries contributing to approximately 95% of the global GDP. Throughout its history, the BIS has played several crucial roles in the global economy, with its headquarters located in Basel, Switzerland, and additional offices in Hong Kong SAR and Mexico City.

The BIS's mission is to assist central banks in achieving monetary and financial stability, promote international cooperation in these areas, and function as a bank for central banks. Its primary objectives include fostering monetary and financial stability, serving as a platform for dialogue and collaboration among central banks and the financial sector, and acting as a banking institution for central banks and international organizations.

The BIS often acts as an intermediary in the market between national central banks and the financial market, becoming more active as central banks manage their currency reserves. When the BIS is reported to be engaging in buying or selling activities, it typically represents a central bank, and the transaction amounts can be substantial. This practice helps prevent market misinterpretations of buying or selling activities as official government interventions.

Additionally, the BIS regularly publishes analyses and international banking and financial statistics that support policymaking, academic research, and public discourse.