Uniswap

Uniswap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol that uses an automated market maker (AMM) model to facilitate trading of cryptocurrencies and tokens. The core mechanism of Uniswap is the constant product formula, which is represented by the equation x * y = k, where x and y are the reserves of the two tokens in a liquidity pool, and k is a constant. This formula ensures that the product of the two token reserves remains constant, allowing trades to happen without an order book. Users can add liquidity to these pools and earn trading fees in return.

The Uniswap protocol is built on the Ethereum blockchain, and as such, it inherits the security and decentralization properties of the Ethereum network. Transactions on Uniswap are secured through the Ethereum consensus mechanism, which is currently a Proof-of-Work (PoW) system, with plans to transition to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) in the future. The protocol itself is also open-source, allowing the community to audit and contribute to its security.

The total supply of the Uniswap (UNI) governance token is capped at 1,000,000,000 UNI. However, there is no fixed maximum supply, as the token is inflationary, with an initial inflation rate of 2% per year, which can be reduced by governance decisions.